Trading Rules for the Turtle System

Entry rules

1. Get in on a 20-bar breakout
2. Before reversing the trend using the 20-bar breakout, there must be a losing trade in the opposite direction.
3. Always enter on a 55 bar breakout
4. (subjective) If the market is sideways, use a 55 bar breakout
5. Once there is a profit in one direction, you can continue to trade in that direction, but to trade in the opposite direction, there must first be a loss.

Stop rules

1. On the day of entry, use a 1/2 (Average True Range) ATR stop. If the trade gets stopped out during the intraday trading, then get back in if the intraday market gives a new signal (makes new lows or highs).
2. Use a 10 day trailing stop
3. The day after the entry, use a 2 ATR protective stop. Sometimes the 10 day trailing stop is too far away. The 10 day trailing stop assures you will not be risking more than 2-ATR on a trade (except when there is a gap open against your trade).
4. When the trade is at a 2.5 ATR profit, move the protective stop to breakeven.
5. Once the 10 day trailing stop or the 2.5 ATR rule moves the stop to breakeven, start using a wider trailing stop of 20 bars.
6. Once you are ahead by 10 ATR, use a 3 bar pivot as a trailing stop and the 20 bar breakout as a trailing stop.

Additional Techniques

1. Enter additional positions at a 55 day breakout, provided the protective stop on the first positions have been moved to breakeven.
2. After a big profit of 10 ATR or more, do not trade in the opposite direction for 45 bars using the 20 bar breakout method. Use the 55 bar breakout instead.
3. Wait for a sideways market to start trading and get in on a 55 bar breakout.

Money Management Rules

1. Do not risk more than 1% of your account per trade.
2. Do not expose your account to more than a 2 ATR risk at any time.
3. Use fractional entry technique
4. If in one trade, wait for that trade to be moved to breakeven before adding any new trades.
5. Trade the strongest commodity within a complex, such as grains and currencies.
6. Trade when the volatility shrinks. When the volatility shrinks by 50%, it allows more contracts to be used for the same dollar risk.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q. How many periods for ATR?
A. The ATR is based on a 10 day average of the ATR

Q. Explain fractional entry technique.
A. Enter 1/2 to 1/3 of all contracts initially. Once the trade moves to breakeven, buy/sell the next 1/2 or 1/3 of the contracts. Most losing trades are losers from the start. This method reduces risk and allows for maximum profits in a long term trade.

Trading Rules from the Gartman Letter

1. Never, under any circumstance add to a losing position … ever! Nothing more need be said; to do otherwise will eventually and absolutely lead to ruin!

2. Trade like a mercanary guerrilla. We must fight on the winning side and be willing to change sides readily when one side has gained the upper hand.

3. Capital comes in two varieties: Mental and that which is in your pocket or account. Of the two types of capital, the mental is the more important and expensive of the two. Holding to losing positionss costs measurable sums of actual capital, but it costs immeasurable sums of mental capital.

4. The objective is not to buy low and sell high, but to buy high and to sell higher. We can never know what price is “low”. Nor can we know what price is “high”. Always remember that sugar once fell from 1.25/lb to 2 cent/lb and seemed “cheap” many times along the way.

5. In bull markets we can only be long or neutral, and in bear markets we can only be short or neutral. That may seem self-evident; it is not, and it is a lesson learned too late by far too many.

6. “Markets can remain illogical longer than you or I can remain solvent,” according to our good friend, Dr. A. Gary Shilling. Illogic often reigns and markets are enormously inefficient despite what the academics believe.

7. Sell markets that show the greatest weakness, and buy those that show the greatest strength. Metaphorically, when bearish, throw your rocks into the wettest paper sack, for they break most readily. In bull markets, we need to ride upon the strongest winds … they shall carry us higher than shall lesser ones.

8. Try to trade the first day of a gap, for gaps usually indicate violent new action. We have come to respect “gaps” in our nearly thirty years of watching markets; when they happen (especially in stocks) they are usually very important.

9. Trading runs in cycles: some good; most bad. Trade large and agressively when trading well; trade small and modestly when trading poorly. In “good times” even errors are profitable; in “bad times” even the most well researched trades go away. This is the nature of trading; accept it.

10. To trade successfully, think like a fundamentalist; trade like a technican. It is imperative that we understand the fundamentals driving a trade, but also that we understand the market’s technicals. When we do, then and only then, can we or should we, trade.

11. Respect “outside reversals” after extended bull or bear runs. Reversal days on the charts signal the final exhaustion of the bullish or bearish forces that drove the market previously. Respect them, and respect even more “weekly” and “monthly” reversals.

12. Keep your technical systems simple. Complicated systems breed confusion; simplicity breeds elegance.

13. Respect and embrace the very normal 50-62% retracements that take prices back to major trends. If a trade is missed, wait patiently for the market to retrace. Far more often than not, retracements happen …. just as we are about to give up hope that they shall not.

14. An understanding of mass psychology is often more important than an understanding of economics. Markets are driven be human beings making human errors and also making super-human insights.

15. Establish initial positions in bull markets and on weakness in bear markets. The first “addition” should also be added on strength as the market shows the trend to be working. Henceforth, subsequent additions are to be added on retracements.

16. Bear markets are more violent than are bull markets and so also are their retracements.

17. Be patient with winning trades; be enormously impatient with losing trades. Remember it is quite possible to make large sums trading/investing if we are “right” only 30% of time, as long as our losses are small and our profits are large.

18. The market is the sum total of the wisdom …. and the ignorance … of all of those who deal in it; and we dare not argue with the market’s wisdom. If we learn nothing more than this we’ve learned much indeed.

19. Do more of that which is working and less of that which is not: if a market is strong, buy more; if a market is weak, sell more. New highs are to be bought; now lows sold.

20. The hard trade is the right trade: If it is easy to sell, don’t; and if it is easy to buy don’t. Do the trade that is hard to do and that which the crowd finds objectionable. Peter Steidelmeyer taught us this twenty five years ago and it holds truer now than then.

21. There is never one cockroach! This is the “winning” new rule submitted by our friend Tom Powell.

22. All rules are meant to be broken: the trick is knowing when … and how infrequently this rule may be invoked!

Forex market electronic trading observations

Source: ClientKnowledge FX2004-2005 Study
Presented: ECB, March 2006

Distribution of growth in traded volumesĀ  2004 to 2005

  • If EBS / Reuters are included in the % of volumes transacted, then electronic trading is very high
  • Otherwise estimated that more than 50% of market is electronic
  • Algorithmic volumes made up 5% – 7% of overall volume by mid-2005 and may have doubled since